A sandwich attack places trades before and after a victim swap to profit from the price impact.
It is a form of MEV common on AMMs with public mempools. Higher slippage tolerance increases risk.
In research workflows, Sandwich attack is usually interpreted with MEV, Slippage, Automated market maker, and Decentralized exchange rather than as a standalone signal. Indicators lag. Combine them with liquidity and attention context instead of using any single oscillator alone.